Fraud- Satyam Computers Limited, India Research Paper - 1

Extortion Satyam Computers Limited, India - Research Paper Example From being the fourth biggest IT Company, with prominent, the re-appropriating organization has been involved for having the greatest trick ever. Shaped in 1987 by Ramalinga Raju, the organization developed and turn into a ‘rising star’ in Indian ‘outsourced’ PC administration industry. With the rising significance of IT in the market, the organization understood an expected compound development pace of 6.4% by 2007. The organization pulled in a ton of speculators and it developed fundamentally. Raju, the overseeing executive, pulled in up to 300 clients worldwide and 13, 120 specialized partners. After a year, the organization had indicated a compound development pace of 35% and profit per share rose from $0.12 to $0.622. Then again, Satyam’s stock significantly increased to 300%. The organization further created a critical development just as expanded investor esteem. In 2009, Raju, through a letter to the organization, uncovered that he had been co ntrolling the bookkeeping quantities of the organization for quite a while. He further guaranteed that he had exaggerated the benefits on the company’s accounting report by $1.47 billion and to aggravate the issues, nearly $1.04 billion money and bank advances asserted by the organization was not-existent3. The organization had underreported all the liabilities on the monetary record and overestimated the pay for quite a long while in order to meet the desire for the investigator. For example, the outcomes demonstrated 97% benefits and 75% income increment. The chief and the firm’s worldwide leader of the interior review utilized different plans to sustain the extortion. Raju utilized his PC to build up a few bank proclamations and distorted the records to expand the non-existent accounting reports. Truth be told, he swelled pay proclamations by making premium cases utilizing counterfeit financial balances. As the trick uncovered further, it was apparent that Raju had made more than 6000 fake compensation accounts and coordinated the cash there whenever the organization make deposits.â

Justin Hanson Essays - Fiction, Dungeons Dragons, Fantasy, Dragon

Justin Hanson Period 2 Mrs. Fouhs 1/12/16 David On an island north of England there is a town. This town holds a gathering of individuals that don't know about advancements that have advanced all through time. They are still in houses worked by them and homestead there food have no power or anything like that. What's more, in the town there is a kid who is called David. He lives in a house not any greater than the rest but rather off the beaten path in its own little territory of the island. His folks both treat him with no regard and are harsh. At whatever point his folks would blow up he would flee into his small concealing spot in a precipice close to the sea. At the point when he would go in this bluff he would plunk down and cry wishing he had another person for guardians or that he had a companion to assist him with managing the agony and enduring he is persevering. In this passage it dives deep yet David has not gone right in on the grounds that when he comes here he had no interest and no push to do anything besides cry. One day he was heading off to his home and saw his folks battling in the house so as opposed to going in he went straight into the cavern and plunked down. Rather than crying he suspected he would wander further into the cavern imagining that it may hold something that can get him out of this agonizing circumstance. The cavern went further and more profound until he was in the focal point of the island, however underneath everything. As he went in it got hotter and hotter as though there was a goliath fire somewhere inside. At the point when he was strolling and perspiring from the beating heat he saw a piece of the passage that lead into an open space multiple times his homes size yet underground. In the room was something startling yet satisfying simultaneously. There in the inside dozing was a Dragon with sharp hooks and a profound maroon shading to it, its wings acting like a cover over the whole thing. Despite the fact that it was a Dragon David despite everything needed to see all the more so he circumvented the Dragon looking it over from head to toe respecting the animal. Before long David got frightened and was beginning to leave however he stumbled over a stone and arrived on the Dragons head. That woke up the Dragon and it stayed there taking a gander at him with its profound dim eyes that indicated only idea. Following a second or two the mythical beast began extending its wings and moving its legs strolling around yet ever as yet watching David solidified by dread. The mythical serpent as opposed to eating him talked, and said I definitely know what your identity is and why you are here the inquiry is how might I help you. David amazed that the winged serpent talked he despite everything remained there seeing him sickened and befuddled in view of the Dragon. Following a couple of moments David recovered his brains and said what do you mean, how might I help you? after all he is just human and this is a brilliant mythical beast that can inhale fire and fly. The winged serpent answered I realize you are in a predicament and I can't get that so I need you to ask me what you need since I can't mention to you what you need or I would as of now be doing it. Well the kid said I could utilize some assistance leaving and not living with my folks and I would be in your obligation. The Dragon contemplating the offer remained there and in the long run concurred with the proposition. What's more, said jump on I can remove you from this spot now that would h ave been pleasant however how would you ride a mythical beast? So I went ready and got its horns and hopped up onto its back wanting to not slide off holding his horns with my life truly. The winged serpent went to the opposite side of the passage and was going further in until we came out on the opposite side of the island. The

Positive and Negative Reviews among the 34 Hotels-Free-Samples

Questions: 1.Explain which diary article you picked, and why you picked it. 2.Summarise the central matters of the article in your own words. 3.Consider the degree to which the proof introduced by the creators underpins the contentions that they have made, furnishing explanations behind your response. Answers: Presentation The article Responding to Online Reviews: Problem Solving and Engagement in Hotels is picked to chip away at this task. The idea of utilizing on the web surveys in co-formation of the administration gave by the lodging will be centered around during the examination. Four contextual analyses chose in this exploration will feature the significant perspectives. 1.The article Responding to Online Reviews: Problem Solving and Engagement in Hotels by Sun-Young Park and Jonathan P. Allen was picked for this task. This is on the grounds that online audits can be considered as significant in the accommodation business for better authoritative execution. It is smarter to accumulate criticism online in light of the fact that it is considerably more viable than direct input. It additionally conveys better legitimacy as the respondents are absent in front. The fast increment in the accommodation business and the intense rivalry in the equivalent can be managed compelling critical thinking and connecting with workers. 2.There are sure regions, which the specific article has concentrated on. It was referenced in the article that online audits have adjusted the shopper dynamic in the accommodation business. This alteration was finished by making data accessible about the administration experience, for example, data about the lodgings and taxes are effectively accessible on the web. With the expanding significance of online audits, a few looks into have revealed its significance from the buyers points of view. At present, the supervisors of the accommodation business have thought of another disarray, in the event that it is required to react to online survey and the ways by which it very well may be finished. This article had concentrated on investigating about the online audit reactions in the top of the line lavish inns. This particular classification of lodging was picked as the zone of enthusiasm for this examination since they shed light on the individual consideration and individual collaborations, which is conflicting to online correspondences. In this specific article, four-contextual analyses of luxurious and premium inns of the Western City in the US were chosen. Out of these four, two inns reacted decidedly though the other two didn't. The previous two inns reacted much of the time about the online audits posted about their lodging though the reactions from the other two were uncommon and insignificant. An examination was drawn between the contextual analyses to discover the procedures utilized in the lavish lodgings to oversee online reactions and the purposes behind choosing those procedures. The investigation of the online reactions of every one of the 34-premium lodgings fe atured the extensive assorted variety. The information introduced on the very good quality inns responded to both positive and negative audits. From this article, it very well may be referenced that the discoveries of the exploration can be viable for the accommodation chiefs to take successful choice with respect to their reaction to online audits. They can likewise concentrate on the alternatives accessible to them and the key issues that should be thought of. 3.The proof that was introduced by the creators was to some degree powerful in supporting the contentions since they didn't locate any past significant research on the online survey reaction of the organizations. Nonetheless, the smidgen of research done on the subject of online audit reactions drew out the two regions of online surveys from the clients points of view and the estimation of co-creation. Online surveys have become a useful asset for the buyers to be utilized during the time spent dynamic. A writing survey had recommended that the recognitions and conduct of clients face the effect of online audit reaction though, it is subject to the on the sort, reason and volume of audits. It was discovered in an examination paper the presentation of the clients to the online audit reactions have expanded the chance to remember the inns for their thought of dynamic. Another examination had concentrated on the positive connection between the normal survey rating and the offer of lodgings. Then again, regarding books, lower audit rating affected the book deal more than the digital books at the sites. It was additionally expressed that purchasers choice were influenced more by the nature of the survey instead of amount. The contention in regards to the worthiness of online audit was centered around with the notice of the significant pretended in sharing data among the purchasers. The fundamental explanation can be the motivation behind mindfulness rather than legitimately influencing the buy choices. Online surveys went about as a verbal data among the clients for expanding mindfulness and not for convincing evolving choice. Similarly, an all the more remarkable impact of the online survey reaction in the less famous inns by the specialist organizations were not discovered. The effect of online audit reaction was deliberately contended by the utilization of optional sources which worried on the elective methods of gaining data are relatively pitiful. This may emphatically infer on the lodging business as huge in the buyer dynamic. It tends to be proposed that the shoppers ought not be considered as the inactive beneficiaries of the value produced by the inns. Rather, they are the dynamic members in making the incentive by contributing with their own surveys. Co-creation alludes to the double production of significant worth by the organization and the customer. It is a bogus idea that the associations attempt to satisfy the clients by assessing the important administrations to the clients. The writing survey likewise centered around the requirements of including the partners to make worth by including communications among them. It was contended that new and inventive thoughts can be produced to support up the experience and preferences of the considerable number of partners and the association will have the option to win upper hand from the consistent inclusion of the individuals. End It tends to be finished up subsequent to surveying this specific article that the four contextual analyses of the lodgings were assembled to get some answers concerning their online audit reactions. There were both positive and negative audits among the 34 inns that were considered. There were relationship between's the size, positioning and administration nature of the lodgings that were chosen in this exploration List of sources Park, S. Y., Allen, J. P. (2013). Reacting to online surveys: Problem illuminating and commitment in hotels.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,54(1), 64-73.

Five literary elements in Barbara Kimenye’s “The Winner” Essay

Barbara Kimenye’s â€Å"The Winner,† is an amazing case of a short story that doesn't really utilize each of the five of the scholarly components to their fullest potential, yet at the same time makes a feeling of natural solidarity. In this investigation, the components are composed in the request for topic, plot, portrayal, setting, and afterward structure. Every component will be portrayed and afterward â€Å"The Winner† and the occasions in it will be identified with the components. The reason for the subject of a story is to give knowledge to the peruser about the author’s perspective on the point they decided to expound on. Subject can be imparted in two different ways, the two of which Ms. Kimenye used. One is to uncover the topic legitimately through an explanation that a character makes, and the other is to permit the peruser to decipher the topic dependent on the activities and responses of the characters. She relates cash and bliss all through the story to pass on her subject. Her utilization of depiction through the characters focused on her point unmistakably. She utilized the correct images, for example, individuals, in the best possible approach to enable the peruser to comprehend the reason and significance of the image. By and large, the manner in which she fused the topic into the story could be considered to extend from great to incredible. The plot of a story ought to have a component of anticipation and incongruity in it to make the peruser need to keep perusing. It ought to likewise incorporate at any rate one significant entanglement, that is, the hero or another character is hindered from doing what they need to do. While the entirety of this is going on, the request or occasions and connection between occasions despite everything needs to sound good to the peruser. There was a lot of incongruity introduced toward the finish of the story when Pius wound up changing his assessment of Cousin Sarah and wedding her, which the peruser didn’t anticipate. Barbara Kimenye likewise kept the occasions in the story sorted out by some structure and made it basic for the peruser to comprehend what was happening. While she satisfied the majority of the attributes of a decent plot, one appeared to be deficient. There could have been progressively pressure between characters present in the story. Ms. Kimenye utilized the component portrayal. In short stories, very little profundity is required with regards to the character’s characters. It is just necessitated that any peruser have the option to interface with one character. However, in this story, one appeared to know Pius’ character and by the end, could nearly anticipate what his responses would be to occasions. The setting in this story was fairly depicted truly, yet most great creators attempt to make a touch on allegorical settings moreover. The setting is the conditions preceding the story, and ought to be depicted in clearness and detail. In this determination, one had a general thought of Pius’ environmental factors, yet no data introduced was ever incredibly point by point with the goal that the peruser could make an unmistakable picture in their mind. At last, the structure of a short story ought to consistently be anecdotal and written in exposition. It ought to likewise contain close to one plot and ought to be founded on the plot instead of the characters. Short stories don't as a rule utilize every one of the five artistic components unmistakably and with an extraordinary profundity, in spite of the fact that they are as yet present in some structure. Ms. Kimenye picked a structure to write in toward the start of the story and, generally, she adhered to the entirety of the rules with it, albeit a few things she did in the story may have been pushing it a smidgen. All in all, Barbara Kimenye utilized the five components together such that most perusers can comprehend and decipher to mean numerous things. The story could have been composed better, however the creator put the components together in a manner that worked, whether or not or not she utilized them all to their maximum capacity.

The Prospects Of American Children, Unequal Childhoods - 550 Words

The Prospects Of American Children, Unequal Childhoods (Other (Not Listed) Sample) Content: Student nameCourse nameGuide nameDateSummary: Unequal ChildhoodsThe prospects of American children are adversely affected by the race and social class of their respective families. Unequal Childhoods emphasizes on underprivileged sections of the society, the lifestyle of the blacks and whites and the differences in their working style. The book portrays the childhood activities of children from different class and families CITATION Ann11 \p 42 \t \l 1033 (Lareau 42). Annette Lareau, author of the book conducted a thorough research work on how the livelihood of the children is affected due to the discrimination of class and social race. It is believed that the blacks are discriminated and the whites get special benefits CITATION Ann13 \p 72 \t \l 1033 (Newitz 72).But the truth is that the whites also face discrimination on the basis of class, social race and family life in their community. Lareau found dissimilarity among the parenting styles of middle-class fami ly and working class. She experienced that the children belonging to working-class family background were more lively and cheerful in leading their life because they get more control over their leisure time in contrast to middle-class children. The author cited various instances that stated the differential advantages to the children of middle-class and working poor class families CITATION Ann11 \p 42 \t \l 1033 (Lareau 42). She observed that the children belonging to working poor families were very much comfortable while interacting to others whereas the children from middle-class families were well-cultured in terms of greeting and showing respect to their elders. They initiate the conversation with a handshake and maintain eye contact while working class children usually do not look into eyes of the person they talk to. Middle-class parents mainly focused on concerted cultivation while the working class parents supported natural growth of their children CITATION Ann02 \p 747 \ t \l 1033 (Lareau 747). Since the poor as well as middle-class families face financial problems, it is an accomplishment for them to sustain the growth of their children. During her research author brought out that the children from both black and white middle-class families have their personal preference in a particular circumstance. For instance, it has been shown that one of the kids was very interactive in sharing his problem when he was taken to the doctor. This ability of children was described as the sense of entitlement by the author. On the contrary, the children from working class and poor families are tending to be reluctant and accept the way whichever is provided to them CITATION Ann11 \p 44 \t \l 1033 (Lareau 44). They worked according to the person in authority and interact only to a certain area of their comfort. Lareau powerfully portrayed the class inequality and discussed several methodologies and processes that middle-class and working poor class people fol low in ...

Secret Santa Present Ideas for Your Friends

Student life is one that is filled with struggles, loads of fun, and the thrill of a carefree life. You might be struggling with your timings, studying, working and managing your social life. Being a foreign freshman is quite a tough thing. This is the time you worry about new connections and campus life where you are to find college friends with whom you will buy college essay samples working for good grades. However, college stuff will take all your time, do NOT forget about pleasure moments you will have holidays, parties, birthdays, etc. So, naturally, when Christmas arrives and you have to gift your mates with some of the most thoughtful, useful and cut-rate presents, it might get a little difficult. You mull over the ideas, sift through options and constantly count your cash – as if it is going to grow somehow – to come up with a terrific gift. However, do not worry; we will do this for you. Allow us to present you some of the juiciest secret Santa present ideas for your friends. 1.  Ã‚   Greek Clock A greek clock is a perfect idea because of a number of reasons. It is something that a student can always use to make his/her dorm room looks livelier. As such a gift is inexpensive and financially economical, a math or a history student will love it. 2.  Ã‚   Magic Mug Tea, coffee or milk; everyone has their preferences, but all of them need a cup for drinking stuff. Presenting your friend with a magic cup is not only an inexpensive idea, but is also an interesting one. The magic is that the picture on the mug appears once you fill it with water. Now, you can have your friend’s face, or your favorite character printed on it. 3.  Ã‚   Personalized Pillow A good night’s sleep needs a good pillow, and a good pillow must provide you with some inspiration. It can have an inspirational quote on it, or maybe it can be in the shape of your favorite animal. A dog, a cat, or even a monkey whatever that makes you happy! Thus, such a gift will be really cute, especially for those students, who have moved to another city, or country, and have no chance to meet their relatives. 4.  Ã‚   Cool Pajamas No one in this world neglect super comfy clothes. Even those supermodels, who spend their working days wearing painful and cringe-worthy outfits, end up with a comfortable pair of pajamas, which they put on at night. So, why not to present one to your friend? To make your gift more personal, you can buy two pajamas for you both that will complement each other; for example, there could be a picture that will look complete if you are standing side by side. 5.  Ã‚   Pizza Necklaces If you and your friends are ones who do everything and anything together, such a pizza necklace is for you. Each friend in the squad gets a slice of pizza, so that, no new person can join in. 6.  Ã‚   Books There is always an avid reader in the group, and he/she drools over when sees an interesting book. There just have to be papers and a hard cover. So, if you have such a friend, simply buy his/her favorite book and make this Christmas the best ever. 7.  Ã‚   A Bed Tent A bed tent is a perfect gift for those friends who are always having troubles finding a quiet spot for studying. The bed tent provides with an extremely private, concealed, and comfy hideaway spot. Now you have the list of great ideas, and we hope that you will find the perfect present for your best buds this Christmas.

My Personal Narrative Of My Life - 1286 Words

My personal Narrative The date was October 8, 2014, 2 days after my birthday. One of the realest quotes I heard was â€Å"Don’t trust a soul† and i should have listened. It started out as any other day, mom was mad me for one reason or another, dad was sitting on the couch like always playing the â€Å"Call of Duty†. I was a Saturday so of course I tried to sleep in but my dad love playing his game with the sound on high it really out under my skin. Think about it you re sleeping in your bed and all of a sudden you hear â€Å"POW! POW! POW!† you’re going to get pretty irritated but i was use to it. Anyways my dad had no job and if you saw him he was either over his friends house, sleep, arguing with my mom or smoking stuff I shouldn t say right now. My†¦show more content†¦I didn t find it weird or strange that that one friend didn t text me, I figured she was probably busy. That friend name was Kim. Kim was one of those that told her honest opinion about everyt hing and get got really irritating. Anyways as I was laying down my phone lit up which meant I got a Snapchat message. It was Kim, I assumed that she was probably going to say something like â€Å"Stop laying there and get up and take some medicine† so I wait a little to read it. When I finally read my whole mood changed she said â€Å"I don t care that you hate me me because honestly I feel like your fake†Ã¢â‚¬  I am clearly annoyed because nothing I was feeling was because of her or direct towards her. But my nose cringed at the word â€Å"fake†. Me and Kim had a history she had a smart mouth so nobody really liked her so I was really her only friend. I lost friends because they didn t want me to be friends with her and stuff like that. Anyways I was far from â€Å"fake†. I.texted her and said â€Å"Wait one minute Kim how in the world am I fake† she goes on to say â€Å" You don t talk to me how you talk to your other friends and I don t need you to be my friend i’m not being you too† at this point I am heated because that was a lie but if I did it was because she was acting like a butt. I took the intuitive to call her and get to the bottom of.it. The conversation starts out going sensitive and intense until it was my turn to talk she kept screaming â€Å"fake fake fake† so I started getting loudShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Narrative Of My Life1261 Words   |  6 PagesThis will be a long personal narrative about my current stressful life. Before, I came down to the University of Georgia to work with the football team my life back in East Lansing, Michigan was quite peaceful. However, I will admit I was still overly stressed with the endless amount of coursework I had, but I still had time to relax or had time to be bored and question what I should do with my time. Now taking all of my credits online and working 12-15 hour days, then traveling to the games on SaturdayRead MoreMy Personal Narrative Of My Life1530 Words   |  7 PagesMy Personal Narrative   Ã‚  Ã‚   One event from my life that I always remember is when I was first starting school. I was wearing a Bright Blue Basketball Shirt and a pair of Bright Blue Basketball Shorts. I woke up very early that day. When my sisters finally woke up they got ready and we went outside to wait for the bus. When the bus came my mom wanted to get pictures of us. So when we arrived at school I went to class. I was extremely nervous but when my teacher told us her name I laughed. 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In that moment, it seems as though every good thing in one’s life comes crashing down in a domino-like fashion. Each great piece ofRead MorePersonal Narrative Of My Life1098 Words   |  5 Pages Personal Narrative There stood the school that I would go to for the next three years of my life. From what I could see on the map, the school was prodigious.There were two-story buildings around me, and I stood by one. I felt like a mouse compared to the vast school. Cool air brushed against my face as I analyzed the school.I was standing near eight planters, with my schedule and a school map in my hand.Up ahead of me, I could see cars passing by, dropping kids off to school.A lot of studentsRead MorePersonal Narrative Of My Life961 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Narrative One day in mid-November, I thought that one of the worst days in my life had come. I walked into my parent’s room, and I found my mother rushing to gather things to go somewhere. 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I can’t pay attention in my classesRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Life And Life2126 Words   |  9 Pagessit in my back yard looking at the fireworks, my brothers and sister all outside with me were having fun. It had me thinking about my life and thinking why I couldn’t be happy and why my parents couldn’t just be there for me when I needed them the most†¦things were about to get very bad and hard for me. I can just feel my life is about to go through a downfall and I just wonder wil l I be able to get through it. To being with, the first time is when I was only 14 years old I had gone to my friend’sRead MorePersonal Narrative My Life Essay578 Words   |  3 PagesPersonal Narrative My Life I never really thought about where my life was going. I always believed life took me where I wanted to go, I never thought that I was the one who took myself were I wanted to go. Once I entered high school I changed the way I thought. This is why I chose to go to college. I believe that college will give me the keys to unlock the doors of life. This way I can choose for myself where I go instead of someone choosing for me. I have chosen to go to the local communityRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Life And Life2126 Words   |  9 Pagessit in my back yard looking at the fireworks, my brothers and sister all outside with me were having fun. It had me thinking about my life and thinking why I couldn’t be happy and why my parents couldn’t just be there for me when I needed them the most†¦things were about to get very bad and hard for me. I can just feel my life is about to go through a downfall and I just wonder will I be able to get through it. To being with, the first time is when I was only 14 years old I had gone to my friend’s

The Integral Role Sentencing Plays in the Criminal Justice...

The Integral Role Sentencing Plays In the Criminal Justice Process There are four philosophies that are considered when it comes to the sentencing of a criminal. These philosophies are: Retribution- Retribution is a philosophy that a wrong doer who has freely chosen to violate society’s rules must be punished. Retribution relies on the principal of â€Å"just deserts†, this holds that the severity of the punishment hold to the severity of the crime. This philosophy is not the same as revenge because retribution is more concerned with the rules of society as a whole, rather than the individualism revenge has had on the victim or victims the offender. Most dictionaries give the meaning of retribution as â€Å"repayment†. Public speakers†¦show more content†¦The results of this study were not encouraging. Instead of a decrease in crime after doubling the incarceration population, like expected, there was no sign of decrease at all in the crime rate. In fact, some cities showed instant spikes of incarceration and some increase in criminal activity. Numbers and studies like these show that this philosophy of incapacitation leaves room for improvement. It could be more pro-active to approach a convicted felon’s sentencing with a pattern, such as, deterrence or rehabilitation. Rehabilitation- Rehabilitation is in the dictionary as the processing, usually in a quiet area, during which units recondition and become rested. Also, under correctional rehabilitation it says that this provides penal custody or probation or parole for convicted offenders. The Classical School of Criminology (Larrabee, A.K. [2006] Punishment vs. Rehabilitation) has proposed that punishment is used to create deterrence and the Positive School of Criminology uses rehabilitation to reduce recidivism. In my opinion, more studies show that rehabilitation has a more lasting impact on an individual with the help from the community. To stay fair and acknowledge that the Classical School of Criminology has a point toward the deterrence factor, rehabilitation can be used as a deterrent as well by showing the offender how to adapt to society by gaining academic or trade skills. Rehabilitation is based on a â€Å"change in direction† theory. RehabilitationShow MoreRelatedThe Criminal Justice System Of The United States Constitution1184 Words   |  5 Pagespower. These rights create the framework of the adversarial criminal justice system that relies heavily on the advocacy of each party and a relatively passive and impartial judge acting as a neutral arbi ter. The objective of this structure is to encourage the advocates to develop relevant facts, evidence, and legal interpretations that determine guilt or innocence. This is distinct from inquisitorial systems of justice where the court plays an active part in the fact-finding investigation, interviewingRead MoreCriminal Justice System and Process Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction According to Morrison (2008) crime is a salient fact which is an integral part of many adverse risks humans are susceptible to, today. On the other hand a crime which is a wrong doing can be classified as a felony or a misdemeanor; this is because it is against a public law. A felony can be defined as a serious crime that is punishable by at least a year’s jail-term whereas a misdemeanor is a crime whose punishment is either a fine or and up to a year in jail (Smith, 2008). Crimes areRead MoreCorrectional Facilities and Environments1166 Words   |  5 PagesProcesses of Correctional Environments: Correctional facilities play an integral role in the criminal justice system as many individuals who are convicted of offenses are normally placed on probation rather than being sent to prison. In other cases, convicted criminals who have served their jail terms are usually released on parole. In addition to meeting other requirements, criminals are required to stay out of trouble during parole and probation periods. In order to prevent offenders from committingRead MoreA Brief Note On Forensic Criminology And Criminal Forensic Psychology1351 Words   |  6 Pagessub-specialties in forensic psychology: criminal, juvenile, civil, investigative, correctional, and police forensic psychology. Professionals working under each of them have unique roles, educational qualifications, responsibilities, ethical challenges, and controversial issues to confront. Similarly, there are various studies and seminal cases that have shaped the sub-specialties in different ways. In most cases, they refl ect changes in the criminal justice system in terms of admissibility of expertRead MoreJuvenile Offenders And The United States1092 Words   |  5 Pagesof criminals, alternative sentencing has been the top choice when dealing with adult violent offenders. Slowly Probation population has become larger almost the size of prison population. Probation officers have to deal with offenders, criminals under some type of supervisions like house arrests, electric monitoring and many more different things. In different States these enforcements will charge certain fines and fees for any extra services. Probation and Parole officers also play the role andRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System2050 Words   |  9 Pagesthe central purpose of the Criminal Justice system is to implement social control, prevent and identify crime and to prosecute those who breach the law. However, though the criminal justice system deals with all of these various components as a whole, the responsibility of each i s divided between a variety of authority. The court is an area of the justice system that a significant weight of responsibility is placed upon, as the court essentially plays a multifaceted role in determining the innocenceRead MoreEssay about Role of Magistrates Jury in England Wales1981 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will discuss the role of the magistrate and jury in the English and Welsh legal decision-making process. It will assess both the advantages and disadvantages of both mechanisms and give an opinion on the contribution they make in the process. The role of a lay magistrate is one that is at the core of the legal system in England amp; Wales. They help maintain the foundation of the criminal justice system and deal with approximately 98% of all criminal matters. 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Why is Frankenstein such a popular text Essay - 1867 Words

Why is Frankenstein such a popular text? Frankenstein is a science fiction novel written by Mary Shelley during the time of the Romantic Movement. It has remained popular ever since it was first published and still sells well today, with many reprints of the book since the first edition. One of the main characters of the story and probably the most (in)famous, Frankensteins monster, has become an icon of all that is monstrous and wrong. The story has been adapted and interpreted many times all in different ways, causing the monster and the stereotypical view of him to become intertextual. The most popular and well recognised representation of the monster and the one that most people would attempt to draw for you if you†¦show more content†¦Frankenstein is popular for a number of reasons. The most prominent I believe is the fact that it was the first type of story of its kind, and what is now referred to as sci-fi, short for science fiction. Some people also claim it to be a horror novel, due to the monster and his hideous creation, but it is generally classified as science fiction. Science fiction works are based loosely on actual scientific principals and discoveries. For example, Mary Shelley had seen experiments where electricity was passed through dead creatures and they twitched slightly. This was the starting point of Frankenstein and the first time a text of this nature had been written. It single-handedly created a whole new genre for writers to discover. She wrote the story as the result of a challenge that was set to her, her husband and a group of their friends. The challenge was to write the most terrifying story that they could, and the scariest would be the winner. The story predicts the future uses of mans ever growing scientific knowledge, to further preserve life and, in the most extreme cases, actually create new life artificially. 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Marketing Plan - 5230 Words

Making Memories Marketing Plan Your Name Table of Contents 1.0 Executive Summary i 2.0 Situation Analysis 1 2.1 Market Summary 1 2.1.1 Market Demographics 1 2.1.2 Market Needs 4 2.1.3 Market Trends 4 2.1.4 Market Growth 5 2.2 SWOT Analysis 7 2.2.1 Strengths 7 2.2.2 Weaknesses 7 2.2.3 Opportunities 7 2.2.4 Threats 7 2.3 Competitor Analysis 7 3.0 Marketing Strategy 9 3.1 Mission Statement 9 3.2 Marketing Goals 9 3.2.1 Product Objectives 9 3.2.2 Place Objectives 10 3.2.3 Price Objectives 10†¦show more content†¦The income level of this segment is $40,000 and up. 3) Vacation Goers: This segment includes retired couples who love to travel. They want to look back on their great memories of traveling around the world. They have more free time than the other segments, so they can devote more time to putting together their scrapbooks. This segment s age is between 50 and 70. Their income range is $50,000 and over. 4) Creative Entrepreneurs: This segment consists of the artsy type. Scrapbooking is their source of income. They are very creative and spend most of their time scrapbooking. This segment is predominantly female between the ages of 20 and 45. Most of this segment has graduated high school and has some college or no college education. Their need for scrapbook materials is economic since it is their source of income. In addition, they are a heavy user of our products. 5) Club Documenters: This segment includes civic clubs and organizations. Their goal is to document their functions for historical purposes and for members to obtain ideas for future activities. They also use scrapbooks as a recruitment tool to bring in new members by showing them different activities in which the organization participates. 6) Crafty Seniors: This segment contains senior citizens. They are females over the age of 65. Their income is $50,000 and over. 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We have to inform the customers about this new product and get the consumers to try out this new concept. It will take â€Å"Just passin’ Thru† some time to build up the customer base

Of Mice And Man Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Of Mice And Man Persuasive Essay The book that I have read that has really stayed with me is Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck. I really enjoyed reading it which is unusual because I usualy dont enjoy reading to much. There was something about George and Lennies friendship that really made me think. Seeing how they were and how they shared life was really intresting. George didnt have to bother with Lennie, he could have abandoned him and gone on his own way. But he did not do that, he stayed with Lennie watching over him almost like a parent to a child. Even though Lennie always got Georege in trouble, George never stoped loving him and always stood by him. The friendship they sharedwent beyond what was transparent they each shared a dream and both knew they ment the world to each other. I felt that if these totaly different people could get along and look out for each other, why cant we get along with people who are different than us. They made me realize that I could learn somethingfrom how to treat people who are differnt than me. What I also liked about it was the way they never stopped trying to reach their dream. This made me think that if they could work hard for there dream why cant I. It showed me that it does not matter were you come from or what you do, it is okay to dream and work as hard as you can to reach it. For all it shows for friendship and loyalty it also shows how sometimes you have to do things you never thought you would do. For example in the end when George is forced to shoot Lennie in thehead you would never have thought he would do that, but you can see that under the circumstances he had no other choice. He only had two choices let the other people get to him first and watch them torture Lennie while he died a long horrible death or do it himself and get it over quick were Lennie did not know what hit him. This is also true in life, many times we are faced with tuff choices and even though they may be the hardest you will have to go through, you know that that is the only way. You come to the realization that everything you thought you was about, can all change with a blink of the eye. Book Reports

How Innovative or Original Can a Successful Artist Be free essay sample

Art How innovative or original can a successful artist be? Art is considered to vary across culture and also through time. Art considered as a masterpiece by this group of people might not even be appreciated by another group of people. Art changes through time and the value of a certain artistic piece might increase or decrease through time. Art is what defines a culture, thus it is regarded by many as the main (not sure we could say this, I think you wanted to say something else)aspect in a culture’s construction. Art function as an emotional gratification for an individual. It also contributes to social integration and it serves as a social control tool. It also preserves or challenges the status quo. Artist will usually have their image or idea embedded into paintings, dances, songs or even poems. These artists are trying to make a symbolic statement through their artwork and sometimes their arts document and convey a vast array of their own experience of life. Very good point However, art changes through time and the symbolic statement made by artists back in their days might not be understood by the modern generation and these arts will start to lose value. Music is the perfect example. The music trend changes through time. Bee Gees used to be a very popular musical group and everyone in the 60’s and 70’s knew them. As time passes, the group faces stiff competition from new and younger artists. It cannot be denied that Bee Gees is one of the most successful groups of all time, but no one can stay popular forever as art changes through time. To the older generation of 60’s and 70’s, the playing of Bee Gees music on radio recalls good old memories but the younger generation would seem to think that Bee Gees can no longer be the voice of their generation and prefer other genre of music. Being innovative or original at a certain era would bring an artist success, but these successes do not last long. good obeservation Music transfers feelings and ideas of the artists. Everyone is able to relate to a certain type of music. One of Michael Jackson’s songs, ‘Heal the World’ was a big hit when it was first released. Jackson said this is the song he was most proud to have created. The music video features children living in countries suffering from unrest, especially in Burundi. This song was used by Jackson as a communication tool to tell the world of the actual reality going on in countries that were still suffering from unrest. ‘Heal the World’ was used as a satire, to ridicule nations who were still in war so that they will change or stop what they are doing. Through this song, Jackson was able to produce an emotional impact and transmitted the knowledge to the public that humans should be the one healing the world and make it a better place for everyone to live in, instead of destroying it. Michael Jackson, being able to adapt to different themes and various genres, this allow him to be original and innovative and has led to him being successful. Even though Jackson has passed away, his music is still being appreciated worldwide. Anthropologists generally agreed that value of an art is based on the role and status of the artists in the community and this is further proven when Jackson’s death did raised the value of his music as he was regarded as the ‘King of Pop’ and his contribution to music, dance and fashion proved to something that will never be forgotten. Today, Van Gogh’s work sells for unprecedented prices and is some of the most treasured and highly sought after in the world. His  Portrait of Dr. Gachet  sold for $82. 5 million in 1990, making it one of the most expensive paintings ever sold. In his time, however, Van Gogh was an unsuccessful, starving artist. He produced more than 2,000 works of art, but sold only two during his lifetime. Van Gogh, suffering from mental illness and further depressed by his lack of success, committed suicide at the age of 37. His post-Impressionist style, filled with emotion, movement and vibrancy, was not popular during his life but would go on to influence decades of artists that followed, and his works remain some of the most highly regarded paintings in modern art. Van Gogh’s art was not appreciated by the people of his time because his artwork wasn’t able to communicate to the public in a way they can related to or learn to relate to. They thought he was just another want-to-be artist who wasn’t going anywhere with his artwork. This also proved that the value of someone’s art is related to the role and status of the artists in the community. Van Gogh didn’t belong to an artist organization or famous art school and his family was neither rich nor famous so he was constantly looked down and no one took him seriously. Jason Mecier creates portraits of famous celebraties using junk, sweets and pills. The San Francisco artist builds collages from unusual materials that he feels suit the personality or life of the subject. The above is a portrait of Amy Winehouse constructed from 5,000 multicolored tablets. Mecier created this portrait to honor the singer’s short life. He captured the tragic star in a poignant pose depicted by colorful medications as part of a series of mosaics inspired by celebrities who battled drug abuse. Jason Mecier used his arts to make a symbolic statement and his symbolic meanings were encoded in the materials and techniques used. He is indirectly transmitting the knowledge that drugs and alcohol abuse are deadly as Amy Winehouse died from alcohol abuse. Mecier, being an innovative and original artist, his portraits were able to gain international attention and have featured for many years in national consumer magazines and prestigious galleries. To say art provides enrichment to humankind is not exaggerating. People have been inspired by thought provoking creations, from Van Gogh’s to Mecier’s art, from Bee Gees to Michael Jackson’s music. However, being innovative and original doesn’t mean you will enjoy instant success. In fact, I think it’s that confluence of commercial success and artistic greatness that makes recent artists so successful. In previous periods, great artists were rejected in their time, but nowadays some great artists are revered in their day, rewarded with wealth and fame, without sacrificing their art.

Zara Company Analysis

Introduction Background Zara is among the leading textile and apparel companies in the world. The company was founded in 1963 by Amancio Ortega Gaona and was later joined by Jose Maria Castellano in 1985. Zara is a force to reckon with in the global textile and apparel market (Thomas, 2006, p. 47). Locally, it is considered to be among the biggest success story in the history of Spain.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Zara Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zara’s success is a lesson on how to develop and maintain a groundbreaking strategy (Ferdows, Lewis Machuca, 2003, p. 62). The consumer is always at the centre of the company’s business model. The two founders shared the belief that swift response to consumers, the use of IT (Information Technology), and decentralized decision-making were important for the success of the business (McAfee, Dessain, Sjoman, 2007, p. 5). Inditex own s more than 2000 stores across the globe out of which 600 stores are exclusively part of Zara chain. The largest share of Inditex’s sales is generated by Zara. Zara offers a variety of clothes for people of all walks of life at a reasonable price. However, the major portion of Zara’s revenue is from the female clothing (McAfee, Dessain, Sjoman, 2007, p. 7). Zara developed a marketing model which relies entirely on trends and styles, with minimal advertising. The vertically integrated marketing model emphasizes on swiftness, efficiency and the global fashion trend. However, the company’s approach to IT is not in-line with its marketing model. In addition, its websites are only for display and not for sales purpose (Ferdows, Lewis Machuca, 2003, p. 64). According to Azuma and Fernie (2003, p. 413), Zara’s success in the apparel industry can be linked to the application of successful competitive marketing strategies, which encourages global expansion. Zara ’s successful entry into the global apparel market was a result of their spirited marketing strategies, for instance, promotional techniques which increased the contents of their fashion line. Zara classifies its products into three fundamental groups namely: gentlemen, ladies, and young ones. The company’s low priced products attract and retain customers, thus creating sustainable growth of their value chain in the apparel market (Azuma Fernie, 2003, p. 415).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Report Purpose The general purpose of this report is to explore the problems and challenges facing Zara Textile Company. Our study will be narrowed to the company’s ICT which has been criticized by a number of authors for being outdated. The study will explore the extent of the problem and the risks it poses to the company. The study will also evaluate strategies t hat the company can take to arrest this problem. In addition, the paper will look at other alternatives that the organization can pursue. Nature of the problem In the last two decades, the company has been developing its own applications rather than purchasing the commercial ones. The company has an outdated operating system known as P-O-S. Zara entirely depends on P-O-S, which lacks full-time network for its store terminals. P-O-S (Point of Sale) runs on DOS which is not compatible with Microsoft applications (Bhagwat, 2011, p. 3). The company’s management argues that the operating system is easy to maintain and operate. On the other hand, experts feel that it’s time for the company to upgrade the current system or risk reliability. They argue that the current system will not be attuned to the future changes in the fashion industry (McAfee, Dessain Sjoman, 2007, p. 6). Zara’s use of IT is not in line with its goal of swiftness and autonomy in decision-making. The company has spent very little on IT and does have any definite budget for it. It has more confidence on individual brainpower than on the machines in decision-making (McAfee, Dessain Sjoman, 2007, p. 6). The company prefers to develop its own system than purchasing the commercial software. Zara’s IT department is separated into three sections: data storage solutions, logistic support and management system. This department has witnessed a very low turnover since its inception (Bhagwat, 2011, p. 5). Analysis of the Problem Before moving to the problem, the study will make use of the conventional model designed by Michael Porter to get a grasp of the company’s operations. Porter came up with a set of activities that can be used to assess a company’s competitive advantage.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Zara Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is important to model a comp any as a string of value-adding activities. The value chain helps to identify areas of weaknesses and strengthens (Porter, 2008, p. 83). The model is important in determining the best strategies to be adopted by the company. The value chain categorizes company’s operations into crucial and secondary operations. The crucial activities are company’s operations that are linked directly to the production of goods and services, whereas the secondary activities comprises of operations that support and facilitate the crucial activities (Porter, 1980, p. 12). The company’s ability to survive in the industry depends on its efficiency in performing these activities (Kroenke, 2012, p. 51). The figure below shows porter’s value chain model for Zara. Source: Bhagwat (2011, p. 7) The figure above shows the various activities performed by the company. The crucial activities include ordering, completion, designing and manufacturing. Among these activities, ordering is t he most popular, specifically defined, and consistent around the globe (Bhagwat, 2011, p. 7). Zara’s competitive advantage lies in its value addition in every stage right from production to marketing. The company has a decentralized structure and therefore the store managers are allowed to make decisions on behalf of the company (Ferdows, Lewis Machuca, 2003, p. 63).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Inbound logistics, warehousing and stock control are done at the distribution centres (DC).Zara’s DC receives large volumes of inventory and distribute them to company’s stores all over the globe (Waarts van Everdingen 2006, p. 645). IT helps the company to keep track of the stock keeping units (SKU). The company’s distribution centres and the stock keeping unit control the outbound logistics (Ferdows, Lewis Machuca, 2003, p. 65). As mentioned earlier, the company has an internal IT department which is mandated to develop applications used in different operations. This department is managed by the company’s Chief Executive Officer (CEO) instead of the Chief Information Officer (CIO) (Bhagwat, 2011, p. 8). IT is used both in the functional areas and in decision-making. Zara’s operating system is outdated, and as a result primary activities such as ordering, design and production are inefficient (Bhagwat, 2011, p. 9). The PDAs are used for ordering , handling returns and conveying information to the headquarters (McAfee, Dessain Sjoman, 2007, p. 9). The P-O-S terminals make it so hard for the staff to monitor incoming inventories, to verify stock in other stores, and share information among the stores. In most cases, the store managers have to make a phone call to verify stock, which consumes a lot of time given the large volume of inventories handled by the company (Bhagwat, 2011, p. 9). In addition, Zara has not taken advantage of the internet to market its products. The company has been criticized for using its website for display purpose only. The company is believed to rely too much on the word of mouth to market its products instead of advertisement (McAfee, Dessain Sjoman, 2007, p. 9). The company’s decentralized structure, where store managers make decisions on behalf of the CEO, deserves the best IT system to enhance efficiency and productivity. For this reason, the company has to invest heavily in a suitable IT infrastructure to enhance its value chain operations (Brà ¯dson Jody, 2004, 404). Current position of the company The company has maintained the use of P-O-S terminals based on DOS system up to date. The management argues that the current system is cost effective compared to other systems, for instance, it requires minimal maintenance and generally costs less. Besides, the company has an internal IT department which develops applications that are compatible with the system. This IT department has less than 50 staff, which account for less than 0.45 percent of the total number of employees. They also argue that managing operations using the commercially available software is not easy (Bhagwat, 2011, p. 3). Previously, the company used to make orders using a fax machine. At the moment they are using PDA which they consider effective (Capell, 2008, 66). Zara’s stores are not interconnected and therefore the employees have to make phone calls to check on the stocks. This no t only increases phone costs and time wastage but also decreases the company’s productivity. In addition, the lack of interconnectivity translates to lack of numerical data that can be used to make a comprehensive evaluation. In a nutshell, the current outdated IT infrastructure hinders the growth of the company through countless inefficiencies and information loss (Ferdows, Lewis Machuca, 2003, p. 64; Bhagwat, 2011, p. 13). Alternative Approaches The company has two major alternatives for improving the current system and at the same time maintaining lower cost. First, the company can upgrade its system using the latest operating systems. Examples of the latest operating systems include UNIX, Linux (Ubuntu) or Windows 8. According to McAfee, Dessain and Sjoman (2007, p. 10), the best option among the new operating systems with regard to cost is Linux since it has no one-time license cost. Both Windows and UNIX have one-time license costs of $145 and $160 respectively, theref ore are relatively expensive. However, Linux has a relatively high ongoing cost, for instance cost of servicing contract. Nonetheless, this cost depends on the knowledge of the company’s IT staff in the operating system. These costs are very important and must be considered by a company, especially Zara which has massive numbers of computers (McAfee, 2004, p. 19). To improve the current system the company will also have to install latest hardware and replace the outdated P-O-S terminals (McAfee, 2004, p. 20). The cost of outdated P-O-S is currently above $6000, whereas the cost of wireless routers and Ethernet plus associated expenses per store connectivity will not cost more than $240. Even though this somewhat expensive in the short-term, the cost will go down with time. The overall system upgrade will have tangible benefits to the company. It will enable the company to minimize general expenses, minimize operational expenses and enhance efficiency. In addition, the company can continue developing its own applications. System upgrade will also mean less IT staff and IT expenses (Bhagwat, 2011, p. 13). The second and most recommended approach is the use of cloud computing. Cloud computing is a novel term in the computing world, but it is not a new concept (Catteddu Hogben, 2009, p. 3). Cloud computing is an IT infrastructure delivered as a public utility where companies are allowed to pay for what they use. Computers and data can be accessed from any corner of the world. In other words, the company does not have to install state of the art system or develop applications they only have to hire it at an affordable fee (Williams, 2010, p. 6). Cloud computing can be delivered as a platform, infrastructure or software depending on the client’s needs. The three categories can be delivered in four deployment forms namely: private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud and community cloud. Cloud computing has no definite architecture and depends on the mode ls used by the provider and the needs of the consumer (Catteddu Hogben, 2009, p. 3). According to Khajeh-Hosseini et al. (2010), the third party infrastructure presents numerous prospects for businesses to enhance the management of their revenues and information exchange. Cloud computing improves cash-flow management given the fact that it reduces the overall costs and periodical billings as well as minimizing the inconsistency of expenditure on energy. It also assists companies to reduce administrative costs. According to Miller (2009, p. 15), the pricing methods for data storage service depend on three distinctive characteristics namely: durability, accessibility and speed. Therefore, according to him the cost of cloud computing decreases with the number of the service groups. He also argues that the cost of cloud computing is twice less than that of the in-house data centres. Williams (2010, p. 6) stress that small and medium businesses are the most suitable for cloud computing services. He argues that these businesses are incapable of developing huge data centres. Catteddu and Hogben (2009, p. 6) add that changes in the cloud computing cost variables come with new opportunities. As said by Khajeh-Hosseini et al. (2010), cloud computing offers easy access to an organization’s computing and storage infrastructure via the web. They also assert that cloud computing conceals the intricacy of information technology infrastructure management from the consumers and offers increased flexibility, steadfastness, soaring performance and specific configuration. All the above capabilities of cloud computing are offered at less cost in comparison to in-house data centres. As already been mentioned, many businesses are migrating to cloud computing to save cost. Cloud computing provides cheaper and scalable data storage for these businesses; however, the biggest question that lingers in the mind of many people is whether the data stored in the cloud are secure. Thu s, the most imminent task for businesses is the security of data. In accordance with the survey conducted by Catteddu and Hogben (2009, p. 65), the biggest concern of many organizations is the security of cloud computing. Security controls for cloud computing are almost similar to security controls in a conventional IT environment. However, cloud computing uses a divergent service model, functional model and technologies which present new types of risks (Cloud Security Alliance (2009, p. 19). The business IT security is normally tackled in different faces ranging from physical security, network security, system security, and application security. The security responsibility of the cloud computing service providers and users depends on the type of model used. In most cases the cloud provider is responsible for physical security, environmental security and virtualization Security (Cloud Security Alliance (2009, p. 20). On the other hand, at the lower levels of the platform consumers a re tactically responsible for the security, especially of the application and data. Besides the architecture, there are other areas that must be taken into account when tackling security issues in cloud computing. Cloud Security Alliance (2009) divides these areas into two namely: governance domain and operational domain. Governance domain encompasses strategic and procedural issues, while the operational domain tackles technical aspects of the security and implementation within the architecture. Governance domain takes in into account business risks caused by cloud computing, legal and electronic risks, and data management. On the other hand, operation domain consists of operational procedures used to tackle security, operations of data centres, incident handling and forensics, application security, encryption and scalability management, and virtualization (Cloud Security Alliance (2009). Given the fact that cloud computing is generally implemented in large scale they are cheaper t han other alternatives. Therefore, by embracing cloud computing Zara will enjoy better protection at an affordable rate (Catteddu and Hogben (2009, p. 17). Cloud computing also enhances the network effect of collaboration among different businesses using the service. Other security benefits include multiple locations, edge networks, instant response, and improved risk management (Cloud Security Alliance (2009. With multiple locations the cloud computing providers have adequate resources to avert system failures and data recovery. The edge networks avert the problems associated with local networks. Lastly, cloud providers have a large scale system that is able to respond to incidences in time. Conclusion and Recommendation Zara is among the leading brands in the globe and from a general point of view one would expect it to have the best management practices and state of the art IT system. However, this is not the case. The company has one of the oldest IT/IS infrastructure which is b elieved to have contributed to its slow rate of growth and inefficiencies. Some experts believe the company could have been number one in the globe if it had had an upgraded IT system. The company’s management argues that the current system is cost effective compared to other systems, for instance, it requires minimal maintenance and generally costs less. However, in the real sense this is far from the truth. Indeed, Zara has no alternative but to upgrade the current system. Their focus should be on the operating system and the terminals. Nonetheless, the best alternative is cloud computing which has been covered comprehensively in the report. References Azuma N, Fernie J 2003, ‘Fashion in the globalized world and the role of virtual ne ­tworks in Intrinsic fashion design’, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, vol.7, no.4, pp. 413-42. Bhagwat, S 2011, Zara: IT for Fast Fashion Case Analysis, University of Houston, Victoria. Brà ¯dson, K, Jody, E 2004 , ‘The secret to a fashion advantage is brand orientation’, International Journal of Retail Distribu ­tion Management, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 403-411. Capell, K 2008,’ Zara thrives by breaking all rules’, Business Week, 20 October, pp. 66. Catteddu, D, Hogben, G 2009, Cloud Computing: benefits, risks and recommendations for information security, European Network and Information Security Agency New York. Cloud Security Alliance 2009, Security Guidance for Critical Areas of Focus in Cloud Computing, Cloud Security Alliance Inc, New Jersey. Ferdows, K, Lewis, M, Machuca, JAD 2003, ‘Zara Supply Chain Forum’, International  Journal, vol.4, no. 2, pp.62-66. Khajeh-Hosseini, A, Sommerville, I, Greenwood, D, Sriram, I 2010, Research Challenges for Enterprise Cloud Computing, Submitted to the 1st ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing November 2010. Kroenke, D M 2012, Experiencing MIS (3rd ed.), In Organizational strategy, Information Systems, and Compe titive advantage, Pearson Education, Inc, Upper Saddle River. McAfee, A 2004, ‘Do you have too much IT?’ MIT Sloan Management Review, vol.45, no. 3, pp.18-22. McAfee, A, Dessain, V, Sjoman, A 2007, ‘Zara: IT for Fast Fashion’, Harvard Business School, 1-23. Miller, M 2009, Cloud computing: Web-based applications that change the way you work and collaborate online, Que, Indianapolis. Porter, M E1980, Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors, Free Press, New York. Porter, M E 2008, ‘The five competitive forces that shape strategy’, Harvard business review, vol.5, pp.78-93. Thomas, RJ 2006, ‘Uncovering Zara’, Apparel Magazine, 27 January, p. 47. Waarts E, van Everdingen Y M 2006, ‘Fashion retailers rolling out across Europe, Inter ­national,’ Journal of Retail Distribution Management, vol. 348, pp. 645-657. Williams, M I 2010, A quick start guide to cloud computing moving your busines s into the cloud, Kogan Page, London. This report on Zara Company Analysis was written and submitted by user Beetle to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Zara Company Analysis Introduction The product under analysis is a Zara tulip Dress; it is red, pleated and has a jewelled collar. The garment is available in size XS and costs approximately  £40. The company sells it in most retail outlets around the world. Clients can also get it from the internet through the firm’s website or e-bay.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Zara Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More An analysis of the production process of the commodity illuminates the intricacies of innovation and creativity within the fashion industry. Main results and findings Retailer Background and analysis Zara is a public company headquartered in Spain. Its founder –Amancio Ortego –has presided over the rapid growth of a small business into a multinational conglomerate known as Inditex. The latter organization is among the top three fashion companies of the world. It started in 1975, and by 1985 had made $ 0.086 billion in sales. This increased to $0.8 billion and $8.2 billion in 1995 and 2005 billion respectively. Currently, the organisation has over sixty thousand employees and over 4000 stores around the world (Ferdows et. al. 2010). For a graphic explanation of the financials in the company, refer to the appendix. Brand/retailer positioning Zara is a clothing retailer that created and perfected the fast fashion model. Unlike other clothing retailers who persuade clients to like and buy their designs, Zara does it in reverse. It prefers to study consumer demand in order to use it as a basis for its designs. The company’s approach has been so successful that other organizations are imitating components of their model. When a product becomes available in Zara’s retail outlets, it only stays there for a few days. This creates scarcity in the minds of consumers who must purchase the item or miss it altogether.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The firm has also positioned itself as one that does not advertise. It relies on impressive in-store displays, low prices and central locations in fashion districts. Rarely does this organisation hire well-known designers or use complicated technologies for production. As such, competitors must struggle to keep up with their prices. The corporation sells affordable and trendy garments. Collections are not elaborate as the company focuses on selling all items within two weeks (Crofton Dopico 2007). Consumer focus This organisation prioritises consumer needs over and above any other factor of production. Zara has chosen to integrate the production processes vertically in order to accommodate customer needs. The length, size, colour, fabric and methods of construction represent 2013 spring trends. The company’s employees have training on how to get information from buyers about how they feel about a certain product. For instance, some buyers will state that they do not like straight collars or they prefer zippers on heavy garments. Employees will note this information; convey it to store managers who then transfer the information to their headquarters in Spain daily (Pearson 2009). Customers’ reactions determine how the company carries out its business. The organisation realised that fashion clients want a firm that responds to their needs in the fastest way possible. Price was less essential to their buyers than flexibility. Description of the product Seamstresses made the garment from polyester fabric, and it is red in colour. The dress has a round collar that covers most of the chest area. It also has embroidered jewellery that blends perfectly with the colour of the outfit. At the waistline, the dress has modest pleats that give it the shape of a tulip.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Zara Company Analysis specifically fo r you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The garment spreads out into an A-shape at the bottom and its fabric is linen. Since it is available in a small size, then ladies with small frames are well-suited to the piece. Furthermore, those with pale skin would look good in the outfit. The item is a few inches above the knees thus giving it a youthful and flirtatious feel. It is something that can be worn to a cocktail party, wedding, outdoor event or any other daytime festivity. However, because of the boldness of the colour, one should only select the item if one wants to stand out from the crowd. Mood board influences fabric Following the need to keep things formal and subtle, the designers chose fabric that went with such a design. The collection consisted of a lot of woollen items as many of them match with grey. There was a healthy dose of polyester in the collection as well as linen and cotton. A few dashes of silk and leather were prevalent; for inspir ation one can use furniture and hair respectively. However, because the latter are salient fabrics, then it was essential to make the products in black and other neutral items. The red tulip dress was mostly linen, which resembles the balls shown below. Mood board colour In this design, the concerned team members drew inspiration from nature. A grey cloud would be the ideal example. This would be accentuated through the presence of metallic machines as seen through the craft in the Mood board below. The woods would also capture the colour essence of the collection if sparsely populated by vegetation. Black and red dresses in the collection stem from red tulips and the night sky respectively. The design process – from concept to consumer Research Designers of the red, tulip dress sought information from a myriad of sources. First, they analysed their current customers’ tastes through in-store purchases. Sales information of items sold by colour and size gave the designers information on consumer preferences.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Store managers furnished these designers with the information. The other sources of inspiration for the creation were magazines, celebrity trends, runways shows in fashion capitals as well as trends in social and recreational centres like restaurants (Crofton Dopico 2007). Colour Palettes The above combination represents the inspiration for the entire collection. The palette contains saturated neutrals. Since the combination consists of three versions of grey, it is not surprising that a number of the dresses in the collection belonged to this category. The first was ribbon red while the last is ultramarine green. Bright white and blue (sodalite) also form part of this colour scheme. The team drew inspiration from flags as most of them contain these kinds of colours. As it can be seen, the colours above are quite subtle. International designers have moved away from bright colours and are using more neutrals this year. Yarn and fabric fairs Workers thread fabrics for this company f rom scratch in Spanish factories. Yard fairs are, therefore, crucial to the organisation because they assist in the development and enhancement of existing colour and fabric palettes. The organisation’s representatives often attend fairs in production capitals of the world so as to gain knowledge on new production techniques, as well. The red dress was not pure linen as it contains small percentages of synthetic yarn. It would not have been possible for the organisation to develop this hybrid without input from industry experts. Presentation of trends – mood boards This season-Spring 2013- short dresses are in and most designers are experimenting with short lengths. The trend explains why most of the garments in their collection were above the knees. Additionally, grey is the go-to colour as the public is moving away from the bold colours of 2012. Most of the outfits in Zara’s collection reflected this pattern. Stripes are also in; many designers have found new ways of experimenting with the patterns. The striped green and white dress in the company’s collection epitomised this style. Leather is here to stay thus proving that Zara is well in tune with consumers’ tastes. Garment design The design of the garment occurred through creative teams at Inditex. Unlike other fashion retailers who focus on groups of designers, Zara combines several professionals under one team. For instance, designers will work alongside product development experts as well as raw material specialists (Pearson 2009). All of them are keenly aware of the time constraints, so they avoid making too many product alterations. While making the red, tulip dress, the creative team also worked on a number of other samples that belonged to the collection. They used information from the earlier mentioned research sources (in-store information, magazines etc) to make the dress. The group consisted of young designers who did not get penalised for making po or decisions. However, they tried as much as possible to make the products quickly. Sampling Several fashion retailers in the fashion retailers often decide on certain fabrics and then look for those fabrics before making their products. However, this pattern is not applicable to Zara. The organisation realises that it has a lot to lose if it waits for the lengthy process of fabric formation (Ferdows et. al. 2010). Therefore, it makes it garments using available fabrics. When creating the red dress, Zara selected fabrics that were already there. The sampling process proceeded on the basis of available fabric selections so as to save on time. Construction Machines did most construction of the garment. There were a number of similar red, tulip dresses in the firm’s premises. The company trimmed and assembled them using automated processes. Machinists were responsible only for one aspect of the dress; for instance, some of them made collars while others focused on hems, shoulder s and pleats. In essence, the construction of the dress followed the following process. After the design, workers assembled sample fabrics. They made trims, which came after pattern making. Cutters then worked on the garment and machinists handled the assembly of the dress. Large scale construction of the garment meant that most of the processes had to be done through the use machines (Crofton Dopico 2007). Manufacture supply chain and critical path As mentioned earlier, Zara’s supply chain is vertically integrated thus implying that employees made the red Tulip dress within its facilities. The diagram illustrates the critical path for the manufacturing process. Sometimes the company chooses to outsource non value adding activities like sewing. The company handled all the above processes aside from sewing. The firm’s manufacturers are in Spain, Portugal and Turkey. However, the primary production site is Spain. For the red dress, the fabric probably came from Italy, Germany, Turkey, India or China. Employees in the firm’s subsidiary then dyed, printed and marked the fabric after obtaining the raw materials. These activities precede the cutting process in which a seamstress follows designers’ patterns concerning the garment. In certain circumstances, Zara may contract its sewing process to cooperatives in Portugal. If this happened to the garment, then the product was in the hands of third parties for a short period. Thereafter, the garment came back to Zara’s intermediaries where it carried out quality checks, packaging as well as finishing. The final aspect is distribution and logistics control (Crofton Dopico 2007). Range building – what is its function within the range The red tulip dress is part of a collection of garments for spring 2013. The collection includes a series of other dresses in different colours and designs. Most of the items in the collection are not as brightly-coloured as the red dress. This ye ar, they range from white and green, grey, and black. In fact, the garment is the only one that pops out in the collection. Most dresses in the collection are subtle. Furthermore, the accessories at the collar are also unique because most items in the collection make use of conventional accessories like buttons. In this regard, this item was the classiest piece in the collection. The designers wanted to respond to a unique need among its clientele for a dominant fashion item. Sample collection When creating the sample collection, neutral colours, like grey and black, inspired the company’s designers. As seen above, the red garment was the exception rather than the rule. Machinists made one garment from the beginning to the end. Initially, the team rejected some of the samples and had to refine them. For instance, the third last dress had grey sleeves. It was after taking certain suggestions that the product was altered to its present status. Delivery The time it takes for Zara to procure material for fabric and deliver a product to a retail outlet is roughly five weeks. Competitors’ lead times pale in comparison to Zara’s because most of them take half a year to finish a garment. After completing the dress, the company shipped it to its respective retail outlets in the UK within 24 hours. Since the latter is in the European continent but not in Spain, the company had to use air transport to meet the 24-hour window. Zara entered into partnerships with Air France and Emirates Airlines because it values flexibility and speed during delivery. The company shipped the dress to the Middle East and certain parts of Europe through this arrangement. The same platform shipped back raw materials from Asia. Zara is willing to do whatever it takes to reduce delivery times (Cecilie 2008). Visual Merchandising in-store Most Zara stores are famous for their uniformity and uniqueness. They are white, spacious and modern. Mirrors cover the wall s, and they are quite attractive. Since the Tulip dress is one of the latest fashions, sales assistants hanged it on store racks. The organisation selected prime locations in stores for the dress. They also put it directly under a light to as to illuminate it and attract it to its clients. This dress can be found in similar locations around fashion capitals around the world. Therefore, international visitors could learn about the dress on the internet but find it on display in Milan or Paris. Even in-store designs reflect these patterns. A team of designers normally decide on window displays as well as store layouts. Therefore, the red, tulip dress was a central piece of the collection, so placement in the middle of the store was appropriate. The designers tried out this display from their headquarters in Spain and then photographed it. They then sent the photos to all fashion capitals with Zara’s retail outlets. Monitor and response to sales One of the most dramatic ways in which Zara has curved a niche for itself as a top fashion retailer is its fast response to sales figures. About 40% of the products sold in the company represent costly new designs. Other products reflect trends in cuts, fabrics and colours. The red Tulip dress happens to fall in the latter category. An analysis of sales figures within the company’s stores led to the design. As mentioned earlier, Zara keeps its costs down by avoiding massive investments in technology. To obtain sales information from retail stores, the company uses personal digital assistants for its store managers. Store managers must rely on sales rankings to reorder existing garments (Ferdows et. al. 2010). Prior to the development of the red Tulip garment, sales managers at the headquarters monitored the performance of similar dresses, colours and sizes on their basic computer systems. They immediately conveyed the information to designers in the same building so as to facilitate new designs, including th e red dress. After the placement of the outfit in retail outlets, the organisation also used similar methods to convey information concerning its performance in order to use it for new designs. Since clothes only stay in Zara’s retail outlets for a short time, then sales figures on the performance of the dress do not contribute to the continued display of the same piece. Designers use them to make similar items instead. Factors affecting the design of the dress The most significant factor affecting the design of the dress is the need to keep inventories fresh. This explains why employees designed the product within a relatively short time. Zara considers geographical preference, as well. Persons in Brazil prefer bolder colours to those in a place like Paris. However, when trends go global, they do so simultaneously in almost all parts of the world. Cost cutting is also another factor that affects the design of the garment as few adjustments imply low costs. Consumer needs are a critical parameter in dress design, and so is availability of fabrics. The organisation considers the length of time that a trend has been in season in order to know the colour, patterns and fabric that is most preferable (Pearson 2009). Media coverage and impact No advertisements take place at Zara. It does not even employ public relations tactics or celebrity endorsements to push products. When launching new products, the company will place basic announcements on local newspapers. The organisation’s founder and chairman are all extremely private individuals. Therefore, media stories dwell on the organisation’s successful production, distribution, merchandising or logistical strategies. The media covers Zara’s stories when the company delivers impressive results. As such, customers have come to perceive it as a credible retailer that delivers on its promises. Conversely, many fashion magazines and newspapers have fashion analysts and commentators. A number o f them have criticised Zara for imitating top designers. These comments have hurt the company’s brand to a small extent (Cecilie 2008). Conclusion Plenty of lessons can be learnt from the production process of the red tulip dress. First, fashion organisations must have a clear vision of their brand. They should stick to this strategy even during international expansion as it is a source of differentiation. Zara’s production process is highly efficient because it has streamlined communication processes between different members of the supply chain. Sales personnel, store managers, designers, suppliers and specialists all exchange information seamlessly. Furthermore, the company prioritises consumer needs over any other issues in the business. Its leaders were not afraid to try something different in production. Instead of outsourcing manufacture, they brought it closer to consumers. Additionally, instead of stocking various trends, the company only sold small collection s so as to create scarcity. Fashion companies must be willing to go against the tide in order to become industry leaders. This organisation used the just-in-time model of the automobile industry and vertically integrated production to create its competitive advantage. Such bold decisions are what make the firm an example for other fashion retailers to follow. References Cecilie, R 2008, ‘Pace-Setting Zara Seeks more speed to fight its rising cheap-chic rivals’, The Wall Street Journal, 10 September, p. 15. Crofton, S Dopico, L 2007, ‘Zara-Inditex and the growth of fast fashion’, Economic and Business History, vol. 25 no.3, pp.41-54. Ferdows, K, Lewis, M Machuca, J 2010,‘Rapid fire fulfilment’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 82 no. 11, pp. 59. Pearson, A 2009, The story of Zara – The speeding bullet. Web. Appendix Turnover (in millions of euros) Sales 13,793 12,527 11,048 10,407 9,435 Results and cash flow (in millions of euros) Operating profit (EBITDA) 3,258 2,966 2,374 2,187 2,149 Operating profit (EBIT) 2,522 2,290 1,729 1,609 1,652 Net income 1,946 1,741 1,322 1,262 1,258 Net income attributable to the parent company 1,932 1,732 1,314 1,253 1,250 Cash flow 2,613 2,540 2,060 1,864 1,747 Financial structure (in millions of euros) Net Assets attributed to the parent company 7,415 6,386 5,329 4,722 4,193 Net financial position 3,465 3,427 2,380 1,219 1,052 Other relevant information Number of stores 5,527 5,044 4,607 4,264 3,691 Net openings 483 437 343 573 560 Number of markets with commercial presence 82 77 74 73 68 Number of employees 109,512 100,138 92,301 89,112 79,517 Financial and management ratios ROE 28% 30% 26% 28% 33% ROCE 37% 39% 34% 36% 43% This coursework on Zara Company Analysis was written and submitted by user Guillermo Y. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.